New Hampshire Foundations of Reading Practice Test

What is the definition of dyslexia?

1. A learning disability that involves difficulty in handwriting

2. A learning disability that involves impairment of the ability to read

3. A cognitive disorder affecting language comprehension

4. A visual perception issue impacting reading

The correct answer is: A learning disability that involves impairment of the ability to read

Dyslexia is best defined as a learning disability that specifically involves impairment in the ability to read. This condition affects an individual's ability to process written language, which can manifest as difficulty with phonological awareness, decoding, and spelling. Individuals with dyslexia may struggle with reading fluency and comprehension, even if they possess average or above-average intelligence. This means that while their overall cognitive abilities may be intact, their ability to efficiently decode and understand text is significantly hindered, making reading a challenging task. The other options describe different types of challenges. While option A refers to handwriting difficulties, such issues are more closely associated with dysgraphia than with dyslexia. Option C discusses a cognitive disorder related to language comprehension, which could relate to various language processing disorders but does not pinpoint the specific reading challenges seen in dyslexia. Option D mentions visual perception issues, which can sometimes co-occur with dyslexia but are not inherently part of the definition of the disorder itself. Thus, the focus on reading impairment in option B accurately reflects the core characteristics of dyslexia.