New Hampshire Foundations of Reading Practice Test

Whole language approaches to reading instruction are characterized by which method?

1. Top-down instruction exploring texts

2. Bottom-up instruction focusing on phonics

3. Memorization of vocabulary words

4. Fixed instructional content regardless of student needs

The correct answer is: Top-down instruction exploring texts

Whole language approaches to reading instruction are characterized by top-down instruction that emphasizes exploring texts in meaningful contexts. This method prioritizes the understanding of language as a whole, encouraging students to engage with literature and reading materials in a way that nurtures their comprehension and enjoyment of texts. By using context clues, personal experiences, and prior knowledge, students can draw meaning from texts, making connections that enhance their overall reading skills. In this approach, students are encouraged to make predictions, ask questions, and interact with the text rather than focus solely on phonics or memorization. This contrasts with the other methods listed, which are more restrictive and may not foster the same depth of understanding and engagement with reading. Overall, the whole language approach aims to create a rich reading experience that connects different aspects of language and literacy, thus supporting the development of lifelong readers.